Lampitt, R. S. Rapporteur, E. Fahrbach, B. Schneider, R. R. Schneider, S. V. Smith, J. R. Toggweiler, A. J. Watson, and B. Zeitzschel, 1995: Group report: Does upwelling have a significant influence on the global carbon cycle? In Dahlem Workshop on Upwelling in the Ocean: Modern Processes and Ancient Records, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 383-404.

Abstract: Current interest and concern about the dynamics of the global carbon cycle led our group to an assessment of the influence of upwelling on this cycle. We suggested a number of relevant questions from which the following report is derived. In the first section, we define our terms of reference and establish what oceanographic processes should be considered as upwelling. Next we go on to outline the mechanisms that are likely to be significant in terms of the global carbon cycle and discuss the possible effects of changing the rates of upwelling, both on current atmospheric CO₂ levels and on the levels predicted over the next 1000 years as a result of anthropogenic activity. Common themes throughout our discussion were the temporal and spatial scales of any particular process or characteristic, an aspect that is also discussed in a supporting paper (Watson, this volume). Within this is a discussion of the importance of the Redfield ratios of elements intimately connected to the carbon cycle. Finally, we outline areas of research that are required to increase confidence in our understanding of the influence of upwelling on the global carbon cycle.