Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory

1991 Citations

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  1. Bender, M. A., R. J. Ross, Y. Kurihara, and R. E. Tuleya, 1991: Improvements in tropical cyclone track and intensity forecasts using a bogus vortex. In Preprints 19th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology May 6-10, 1991, Miami, FL: American Meteorological Society.
    [No abstract]

  2. Blain, C. A., and P. C. D. Milly, 1991: Development and application of a hillslope hydrologic model. Advances in Water Resources, 14(4), 168-174.
    Abstract

  3. Boer, G. J., K. Arpe, M. Blackburn, M. Déqué, W. L. Gates, T. L. Hart, H. le Treut, E. Roeckner , D. A. Sheinin, I. Simmonds, R. N. B. Smith, T. Tokioka, R. T. Wetherald, and D. Williamson, 1991: An Intercomparison of the Climates Simulated by 14 Atmospheric General Circulation Models, World Meteorological Organization, CAS/JSC Working Group on Numerical Experimentation, WCRP-58, WMO/TD No. 425, 37 pp. plus figures.
    Abstract

  4. Broccoli, A. J., and S. Manabe, 1991: Will global warming increase the frequency of tropical cyclones? In Preprints, Fifth Conference on Climate Variations, Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 46.
    [No abstract]

  5. Bryan, K., 1991: Michael Cox (1941-1989): His pioneering contributions to ocean circulation modeling. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 21(9), 1259-1270.
    Abstract

  6. Bryan, K., 1991: Ocean circulation models. In Strategies for Future Climate Research, Hamburg: Max Planck Institut für Meteorologie, 265-285.
    Abstract

  7. Bryan, K., 1991: Poleward heat transport in the ocean. A review of a hierarchy of models of increasing resolution. Tellus, 43AB, 104-115.
    Abstract

  8. Bryan, K., and R. Stouffer, 1991: A note on Bjerknes' hypothesis for North Atlantic variability. Journal of Marine Systems, 1, 229-241.
    Abstract

  9. Cess, R. D., G. L. Potter, M-H. Zhang, J.-P. Blanchet, S. Chalita, R. Colman, D. A. Dazlich, A. D. Del Genio, V. Dymnikov, V. Galin, D. Jerrett, E. Keup, A. A. Lacis, H. Le Treut, X-Z. Liang, J.-F. Mahfouf, B. J. McAvaney, V. P. Meleshko, J. F. B. Mitchell, J.-J. Morcrette, P. M. Norris, D. A. Randall, L. Rikus, E. Roeckner, J.-F. Royer, U. Schlese, D. A. Sheinin, J. M. Slingo, A. P. Sokolov, K. E. Taylor, W. M. Washington, R. T. Wetherald, I. Yagai, 1991: Interpretation of snow-climate feedback as produced by 17 general circulation models. Science, 253(5022), 888-892.
    Abstract

  10. Chao, Y., and S. G. H. Philander, 1991: On the structure of the Southern Oscillation. In Preprints, Eighth Conference on Atmospheric and Oceanic Waves and Stability, Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, J5-J8.
    [No abstract]

  11. Cook, K. H., and A. Gnanadesikan, 1991: Effects of saturated and dry land surfaces on the tropical circulation and precipitation in a general circulation model. Journal of Climate, 4(9), 873-889.
    Abstract

  12. Dickinson, R., R. Monastersky, J. Eddy, K. Bryan, and S. Matthews, 1991: The Climate System. Boulder, CO: UCAR Office of Interdisciplinary Earth Studies, 21 pp.
    [No abstract]

  13. Ellingson, R. G., J. Ellis, and S. Fels, 1991: The intercomparison of radiation codes used in climate models: Long wave results. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(D5), 8929-8953.
    Abstract

  14. Feigelson, E. M., B. A. Fomin, I. A. Gorchakova, E. V. Rozanov, Yu. M. Timofeyev, A. N. Trotsenko, and M. D. Schwarzkopf, 1991: Calculation of longwave radiation fluxes in atmospheres. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(D5), 8985-9001.
    Abstract

  15. Fels, S. B., J. T. Keihl, A. A. Lacis, and M. D. Schwarzkopf, 1991: Infrared cooling rate calculations in operational general circulation models: Comparisons with benchmark computations. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(D5), 9105-9120.
    Abstract

  16. Fouquart, Y., B. Bonnel, and V. Ramaswamy, 1991: Intercomparing shortwave radiation codes for climate studies. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(D5), 8955-8968.
    Abstract

  17. Hamilton, K., 1991: Climatological statistics of stratospheric inertia-gravity waves deduced from historical rocketsonde wind and temperature data. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(D11), 20,831-20,839.
    Abstract

  18. Held, I. M., and E. O'Brien, 1991: Quasi-geostrophic turbulence in a three-layer model. In Preprints, Eighth Conference on Atmospheric and Oceanic Waves and Stability, Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 7-8.
    [No abstract]

  19. Hemler, R. S., F. B. Lipps, and B. B. Ross, 1991: A simulation of a squall line using a nonhydrostatic cloud model with a 5-km horizontal grid. Monthly Weather Review, 119 (12), 3012-3033.
    Abstract

  20. Joos, F., J. L. Sarmiento, and U. Siegenthaler, 1991: Estimates of the effect of Southern Ocean iron fertilization on atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Nature, 349 (6312), 772-774.
    Abstract

  21. Joos, F., U. Siegenthaler, and J. L. Sarmiento, 1991: Possible effects of iron fertilization in the southern ocean on atmospheric CO2 concentration. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 5 (2), 135-150.
    Abstract

  22. Kasibhatla, P. S., H. Levy II, W. J. Moxim, and W. L. Chameides, 1991: The relative impact of stratospheric photochemical production of tropospheric NOy levels: A model study. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(D10), 18,631-18,646.
    Abstract

  23. Kurihara, Y., R. J. Ross, and M. A. Bender, 1991: Toward improvement of the dynamical prediction of tropical cyclones: A hurricane model initialization scheme. In Preprints, 19th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, May 6-10, 1991, Miami, FL: American Meteorological Society, 326-327.
    [No abstract]

  24. Kushnir, Y., and N-C. Lau, 1991: A general circulation model study of the stationary and transient response to midlatitude SST anomalies. In Preprints, Fifth Conference on Climate Variations, Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 63-66.
    [No abstract]

  25. Lanzante, J. R., 1991: Time scales of ENSO variability: A COADS/coupled model comparison. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Climate Diagnostics Workshop, U. S. Dept. of Commerce/NOAA/NWS, 42-47.
    [No abstract]

  26. Lau, N-C., 1991: Variability of the baroclinic and barotropic transient eddy forcing associated with monthly changes in the midlatitude storm tracks. In Preprints, Fifth Conference on Climate Variations, Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 59-62.
    [No abstract]

  27. Lau, N-C., and M-J. Nath, 1991: Variability of the baroclinic and barotropic transient eddy forcing associated with monthly changes in the midlatitude storm tracks. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 48(24), 2589-2613.
    Abstract

  28. Lee, S., and I. M. Held, 1991: Baroclinic wave packets in models and observations. In Preprints, Eighth Conference on Atmospheric and Oceanic Waves and Stability, Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 71-72.
    [No abstract]

  29. Lee, S-Y., and I. M. Held, 1991: Subcritical instability and hysteresis in a two-layer model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 48(8), 1071-1077.
    Abstract

  30. Lipps, F. B., and R. S. Hemler, 1991: Numerical modeling of a midlatitude squall line: Features of the convection and vertical momentum flux. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 48(17), 1909-1929.
    Abstract

  31. MacCracken, M. Chairman, U. Cubasch, W. L. Gates, L. D. Harvey, B. Hunt, R. Katz, E. Lorenz, S. Manabe, B. McAvaney, N. McFarlane, G. Meehl, V. Meleshko, A. Robock, G. Stenchikov, R. Stouffer, W. C. Wang, W. Washington, R. Watts, and S. Zebiak, 1991: Working Group 2: A critical appraisal of model simulations. In Greenhouse-Gas-Induced Climatic Change: A Critical Appraisal of Simulations and Observations, The Netherlands: Elsevier Science Publishers, 583-591.
    [No abstract]

  32. Manabe, S., 1991: Transient responses of a coupled ocean-atmosphere-land surface model to a gradual change of atmospheric CO2. In Global Change, Proceedings of the first Demetra meeting held at Chianciano Terme, Italy from 28 to 31 October 1991. Environment and Quality of Life, EUR 15158 EN, Directorate-General Science, Research and Development, European Commission, 16-17.
    [No abstract]

  33. Manabe, S., R. J. Stouffer, M. J. Spelman, and K. Bryan, 1991: Transient responses of a coupled ocean-atmosphere-land surface model to gradual changes of atmospheric CO2. In Global Change, Proceedings of the first Demetra meeting held at Chianciano Terme, Italy from 28 to 31 October 1991. Environment and Quality of Life, EUR 15158 EN, Directorate-General Science, Research and Development, European Commission, 82-93.
    [No abstract]

  34. Manabe, S., R. J. Stouffer, M. J. Spelman, and K. Bryan, 1991: Transient responses of a coupled ocean-atmosphere model to gradual changes of atmospheric CO2. Part I: Annual mean response. Journal of Climate, 4(8), 785-818.
    Abstract

  35. Mellor, G. L., 1991: An equation of state for numerical models of oceans and estuaries. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 8, 609-612.
    [No abstract]

  36. Mellor, G. L., and T. Ezer, 1991: A Gulf Stream model and an altimetry assimilation scheme. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(C5), 8779-8795.
    Abstract

  37. Milly, P. C. D., 1991: A refinement of the combination equations for evaporation. Surveys in Geophysics, 12, 145-154.
    Abstract

  38. Nakamura, N., 1991: "Barotropic governor" in the life cycle of baroclinic waves. In Preprints, Eighth Conference on Atmospheric and Oceanic Waves and Stability, Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 213-216.
    [No abstract]

  39. Nakamura, N., 1991: On the spatial symmetry of the baroclinic flows in quasi-geostrophic and primitive equations. In Preprints, Eighth Conference on Atmospheric and Oceanic Waves and Stability, Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 149-152.
    [No abstract]

  40. Nuttle, W. K., J. S. Wroblewski, and J. L. Sarmiento, 1991: Advances in modeling ocean primary production and its role in the global carbon cycle. In Global Change and Relevant Space Observations, Oxford, England: Pergamon Press Inc., 67-76.
    Abstract

  41. Oey, L-Y., and P. Chen, 1991: Frontal waves upstream of a diabathic blocking: A model study. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 21(11), 1643-1163.
    Abstract

  42. Orlanski, I., and J. J. Katzfey, 1991: The life cycle of a cyclone wave in the Southern Hemisphere. Part I: Eddy energy budget. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 48(17), 1972-1998.
    Abstract

  43. Orlanski, I., J. J. Katzfey, C. Menendez, and M. Marino, 1991: Simulation of an extratropical cyclone in the Southern Hemisphere: model sensitivity. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 48(22), 2292-311.
    Abstract

  44. Peixoto, J. P., A. H. Oort, de Almeida, M., and A. Tomé, 1991: Entropy budget of the atmosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(D6), 10,981-10,988.
    Abstract

  45. Philander, S. G. H., and Y. Chao, 1991: On the contrast between the seasonal cycles of the equatorial Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 21(9), 1399-1406.
    Abstract

  46. Ramaswamy, V., and S. M. Freidenreich, 1991: Solar radiative line-by-line determination of water vapor absorption and water cloud extinction in inhomogeneous atmospheres. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(D5), 9133-9157.
    Abstract

  47. Ramaswamy, V., M. D. Schwarzkopf and S. C. Liu, 1991: Preface. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(D5), 8921-8923.

  48. Randel, W. J., and I. M. Held, 1991: Phase speed spectra of transient eddy fluxes and critical layer absorption. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 48(5), 688-697.
    Abstract

  49. Sarmiento, J. L., 1991: Oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2: The major uncertainties. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 5(4), 309-313.
    [No abstract]

  50. Sarmiento, J. L., 1991: Slowing the buildup of fossil CO2 in the atmosphere by iron fertilization: A comment. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 5(1), 1-2.
    [No abstract]

  51. Sarmiento, J. L., and J. C. Orr, 1991: Three-dimensional simulations of the impact of the southern ocean nutrients depletion on atmospheric CO2 and ocean chemistry. Limnology & Oceanography, 36(8), 1928-1950.
    Abstract

  52. Schwarzkopf, M. D., and S. B. Fels, 1991: The simplified exchange method revisited: An accurate, rapid method for computation of infrared cooling rates and fluxes. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(D5), 9075-9096.
    Abstract

  53. Smagorinsky, J., 1991: Development of international climate research. In Strategies for Future Climate Research, Hamburg: Max Planck Institut für Meteorologie, 9-18.
    [No abstract]

  54. Stouffer, R. J., S. Manabe, and K. Bryan, 1991: Climatic response to a gradual increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide. In Greenhouse-Gas-Induced Climatic Change: A Critical Appraisal of Simulations and Observations, The Netherlands: Elsevier Science Publishers, 129-136.
    Abstract

  55. Tao, X., and I. M. Held, 1991: Interaction between the subtropic jet and Rossby waves in a multi-layer isentropic model. In Preprints, Eighth Conference on Atmospheric and Oceanic Waves and Stability, Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 47-50.
    [No abstract]

  56. Toggweiler, J. R., K. Dixon, and W. S. Broecker, 1991: The Peru upwelling and the ventilation of the South Pacific thermocline. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(C11), 20,467-20,497.
    Abstract

  57. Tuleya, R. E., 1991: Sensitivity studies of tropical storm genesis using a numerical model. Monthly Weather Review, 119(3), 721-733.
    Abstract

  58. Vinnikov, K. Ya., 1991: Global warming: How good are our instrumental records? In Global Change, Proceedings of the first Demetra meeting held at Chianciano Terme, Italy from 28 to 31 October 1991. Environment and Quality of Life, EUR 15158 EN, Directorate-General Science, Research and Development, European Commission, 184-200.
    [No abstract]

  59. Wallace, J. M., D. J. Baker, M. L. Blackmon, J. D. Mahlman, and J. Shukla, 1991: Prospects for Extending the Range of Prediction of the Global Atmosphere. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 33 pp.
    [No abstract]

  60. Wetherald, R. T., 1991: Changes of temperature and hydrology caused by an increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide as predicted by general circulation models. In: Global Climate Change and Life on Earth, New York: Chapman and Hall, 1-17.

    61. Abstract

  61. Wetherald, R. T., V. Ramaswamy, and S. Manabe, 1991: A comparative study of the observations of high clouds and simulations by an atmospheric general circulation model. Climate Dynamics, (5), 135-143.
    Abstract