Cox, M. D., 1970: A mathematical model of the Indian Ocean. Deep-Sea Research, 17 (1), 47-75.

Abstract: A numerical model is formulated to study the current and water mass properties of the Indian Ocean. Particular emphasis is placed on the investigation of the Somali Current and its seasonal response to the monsoonal wind field. The model is three dimensional and, within the limits of the resolution of the numerical network used, has the observed shape of the Indian Ocean with respect to both lateral and bottom boundaries. Observed, seasonally varying data are used for boundary conditions. With these features, the ocean circulation calculations of this study are probably the most detailed that have ever been carried out.
The problem is solved by an extended numerical integration of the time-dependent equations. A coarse net is used at the beginning, and is replaced by successively finer nets as equilibrium is approached. The total period of integration is two centuries. The final solution compares favorably with observed current and water mass data. The seasonal behavior of the Somali Current in the model is in particularly good agreement with that observed. Its phase relationship to the driving monsoons is studied and an analogy is drawn with a simple externally driven oscillating system with damping.